Health insurance for green card holders is a crucial aspect of living in the United States legally and securely. Green card holders, also known as lawful permanent residents, are eligible for various health insurance options. However, navigating the system can be complex due to varying eligibility criteria, plan types, and changing policies.
In this guide, we will explore everything green card holders need to know about health insurance, including available options, eligibility, costs, benefits, and frequently asked questions.
Who Are Green Card Holders?
Green card holders are individuals who have been granted lawful permanent residency in the United States. This status allows them to live and work permanently in the country. While they are not U.S. citizens, green card holders enjoy many of the same rights, including access to health care services.
As permanent residents, green card holders are required to carry health insurance under the Affordable Care Act (ACA), just like U.S. citizens.
Why Health Insurance is Important for Green Card Holders
Healthcare in the U.S. is expensive. Without health insurance, a simple emergency room visit can cost thousands of dollars. Chronic diseases, surgeries, and prescription drugs can lead to overwhelming medical debt.
Having health insurance helps green card holders:
- Access preventive care
- Get treatment for illnesses and injuries
- Avoid large out-of-pocket costs
- Maintain overall well-being and financial stability
Health Insurance Options for Green Card Holders
There are several health insurance options for green card holders, depending on their income, age, employment, and how long they’ve lived in the U.S.
1. Marketplace Health Insurance (ACA Plans)
Green card holders can buy health insurance from the Health Insurance Marketplace under the Affordable Care Act (ACA). These plans are ideal for those who:
- Are under 65 years old
- Are not eligible for employer coverage
- Have recently immigrated to the U.S.
Key benefits of ACA plans:
- Guaranteed coverage (no denial based on pre-existing conditions)
- Subsidies and premium tax credits (depending on income)
- Comprehensive coverage (includes hospitalization, preventive care, maternity, mental health, and prescriptions)
Eligibility Requirements:
- Must be lawfully present in the U.S.
- Must live in the U.S. and file taxes
- No waiting period for recent green card holders
2. Employer-Sponsored Health Insurance
If a green card holder works for a company that offers health insurance, they can enroll in a group health insurance plan through their employer. This is often the most affordable and comprehensive option.
Pros:
- Employer usually pays part of the premium
- Good coverage with lower out-of-pocket costs
- Easy enrollment
Cons:
- Limited to your employer’s selected plans
- May lose coverage if you change jobs
3. Medicaid
Green card holders who have lived in the U.S. for at least five years may qualify for Medicaid, which is a low-cost or free health insurance program for low-income individuals and families.
Eligibility Criteria:
- Green card holders must meet the 5-year bar (unless exempt due to refugee/asylee status)
- Income must fall below the state-specific threshold
- Residency in the applying state is required
Some states like New York, California, and Illinois offer more flexible Medicaid eligibility rules for recent immigrants.
4. Medicare for Seniors
Green card holders aged 65 or older who have lived in the U.S. for at least five years can enroll in Medicare, the federal health insurance program for seniors.
To qualify:
- Must be 65 years or older
- Must have lived in the U.S. continuously for five years
- Must pay Medicare Part A premiums if they haven’t worked 40 quarters (10 years)
Medicare Parts:
- Part A: Hospital coverage
- Part B: Outpatient/Doctor visits
- Part D: Prescription drugs
- Medigap: Supplemental coverage for out-of-pocket costs
5. Short-Term Health Insurance
Short-term plans are ideal for recent green card holders who are:
- Waiting to enroll in ACA or Medicare
- Not eligible for other types of coverage
- Need temporary health insurance for emergencies
Note: These plans are not ACA-compliant, may exclude pre-existing conditions, and offer limited benefits.
How Much Does Health Insurance Cost for Green Card Holders?
The cost of health insurance for green card holders varies depending on:
- Age
- Location
- Type of plan
- Income (affects subsidies)
- Family size
Example:
A 35-year-old green card holder earning $30,000 annually may qualify for ACA subsidies, reducing the premium to around $100–$150/month.
However, without subsidies, premiums may range from $300 to $500/month, depending on the plan and insurer.
Tips for Choosing the Best Health Insurance
- Compare plans on Healthcare.gov or your state’s marketplace.
- Check if your doctor is in-network to avoid out-of-pocket costs.
- Understand the deductible and co-pays.
- Apply during Open Enrollment (Nov–Jan) or during a Special Enrollment Period if you just got your green card.
- Use a licensed insurance agent to help with enrollment.
Penalty for Not Having Health Insurance
Although there is no federal penalty for being uninsured as of 2025, some states like California, New Jersey, and Massachusetts impose a state-level fine for not having coverage. Staying insured is not just about avoiding penalties—it’s about protecting your health and finances.
3 Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Q1: Can green card holders get Obamacare?
Yes. Green card holders are eligible for Obamacare (ACA) plans if they are lawfully present in the U.S. They can apply through the federal or state marketplace, and may qualify for subsidies based on income.
Q2: What if I just got my green card? Can I get insurance right away?
Yes. You can enroll in a health insurance plan through a Special Enrollment Period (SEP) within 60 days of getting your green card. This applies to both marketplace and private insurance plans.
Q3: Is health insurance mandatory for green card holders?
While there is no federal mandate in 2025, many states require health insurance. More importantly, staying uninsured in the U.S. can lead to high medical bills in emergencies. It’s strongly recommended to get covered.
Conclusion
Health insurance for green card holders is not just a legal responsibility—it’s an essential step toward a healthy and secure life in the United States. Whether you’re newly arrived or have been here for years, there are multiple coverage options to suit your needs and budget.
Evaluate your situation, check for eligibility, and choose a plan that ensures peace of mind and protection for you and your family.